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Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion plus tuina in treating early-stage diabetic foot. Method Seventy patients with early-stage diabetic foot were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 35 cases each. The control group was intervened by conventional medication, while the treatment group was additionally intervened by moxibustion plus tuina. After 2 treatment courses, the changes of ankle bronchial index (ABI) in the two groups were observed, and the clinical efficacies were compared. Result Patients in the treatment group showed significant improvement in symptoms, and the total effective rate was 96.9%. The total effective rate was 75.8% in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Moxibustion plus tuina is safe and effective in treating diabetic foot. With significant Chinese medicine feature and acceptable to patients, this method is a good choice in treating early-stage diabetic foot.
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Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis proteins family, is considered to be an important target of anticancer treatment for its key role in the control of cell division and cell apoptosis. Currently, only a few Survivin inhibitors have been developed, and most of them reduce Survivin level by interacting with other biomolecules instead of directly interacting with Survivin protein. This review summarizes the structure of Survivin protein, the mechanism of action and research progress of Survivin inhibitors, which may has a great significance in the study of selective Survivin inhibitors in the future.
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Objective Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease,with clinical and prognostic features still controversial.The aim of this study was to discuss the clinical characteristics and prognosis of MBC.Methods Clinical data related to 71 MBC patients was reviewed.Results The radio of MBC to female breast cancer (FBC) was 42:10 000.Age related to the diagnosis of MBC ranged from 43 to 84 years with the median age as 62 years old,older than the FBC patients (t=6.355,P=0.000).The percentage of invasive ducal carcinoma in MBC patients was much higher than in FBC patients (x2=29.875,P=0.000).The positive rate of estrogen receptor (ER) was significantly higher than those in FBC patients and the positive rates of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) were less frequently (x2=3.741,P=0.048 and x2=12.845,P=0.002)seen.Data from the univariate and multivariate analysis showed that the 3-,5-and 10-year survivalrates of MBC were 82.6％,74.0％ and 47.4％ respectively,significantly higher than those in FBCpatients (P=0.004,P=0.046).Patients with positive HER-2 showed worse prognosis than HER-2 negative patients in MBC patients (x2=4.219,P=0.040).Conclusion There were significant clinic-pathologic and prognostic differences between FBC and MBC patients.The HER-2 positivity seemed to be an important factor for the prognosis and treatment of patients with MBC.
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Objective To investigate the infection and genotype of hantaviruses in rodents from Wuhan area,Hubei province.Methods Rodents were trapped in fields and residential areas of Xinzhou and Jiangxia districts of Wuhan in autumn and winter seasons,from 2000 to 2003 and from 2009 to 2011.Trapped rodents were identified,and hantavirus antigens were detected in the lung tissues with indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA).Partial S segment sequences were amplified with RT-PCR in hantavirus antigen positive samples and then sequenced.Phylogenetic tree was constructed to analyze the genetic characteristics of hantaviruses.Results From 2000 to 2003,437 rodents were trapped,with 24 (5.49％) lung tissues showed hantavirus antigen positive.From 2009 to 2011,173 rodents were trapped and 7 (4.05％) were hantavirus antigen positive.Rattus norvegicus were the dominant species of rodents.Partial S segment sequences were amplified from 22 samples with Hantaan and Seoul viruses specific primers and sequenced.Partial S segments of Seoul viruses (nucleotide 588-1147) were amplified from 17 rodents (13 R.norvegicus and 4 Apodemus agrarius).Seven of these sequences belonged to 3 genetic lineage,while two novel genetic lineages were formed by 9 and 1 sequences,respectively.Partial S segments of Hantaan viruses (nucleotide 615-1141 ) were amplified from 5 A.agrarius.One of these sequences belonged to 7 genetic lineages,and 4 sequences formed one novel genetic subtype.Conclusion Hantaan and Seoul viruses co-circulated in Wuhan area.Hubei province.Novel genetic lineages were identified in this study and Seoul virus might have caused spillover infection in A.agrarius.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test the effect on human pregnane X receptor (hPXR)-mediated transcription regulation of CYP3A4 by five selected phytochemicals.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Transient cotransfection reporter gene assays in HepG(2) cells were performed with the hPXR expression plasmid and the reporter gene plasmid which contains XRE in the promoter of CYP3A4 linked to luciferase.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the dose-effect study, soybean isoflavone, luteolin and curcumin induced the CYP3A4 transcription via PXR in an evident dose-dependent manner, but isorhamnetin and rutin did not. The inducibility of soybean isoflavone, luteolin and curcumin was also increased in concentrations between 1 micromol/L and 50 micromol/L, 24 h after induction, 50 micromol/L soybean isoflavone, luteolin and curcumin exhibited a 5.46-fold, 2.87-fold, and 2.07-fold increase respectively, compared with 0.1% DMSO treated cells. In the time-effect study, 10 micromol/L and 50 micromol/L soybean isoflavone, luteolin and curcumin induced CYP3A4 transcription between 12 h and 48 h, the strongest induction appeared in 48 h. 48 h after induction, 50 micromol/L soybean isoflavone, luteolin and curcumin exhibited a 6.72-fold, 3.24-fold, and 2.13-fold increase respectively, compared with 0.1% DMSO treated cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Three phytochemicals, i.e. soybean isoflavone, luteolin and curcumin stimulate the PXR-mediated transcription of CYP3A4. Isorhamnetin and rutin have no effect on the CYP3A4 transcription via PXR.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Pathology , Curcumin , Pharmacology , Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System , Genetics , Isoflavones , Pharmacology , Liver Neoplasms , Pathology , Luteolin , Pharmacology , Plant Preparations , Pharmacology , Receptors, Steroid , Metabolism , Glycine max , Chemistry , Transcription, Genetic , Transfection , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether kaempferol stimulates pregnane X receptor (PXR)-mediated transcription of CYP3A4.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Transient cotransfection reporter gene assay was performed with PXR expression plasmid and a reporter plasmid containing the XREs in the CYP3A4 gene promoter in HepG(2)cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Kaempferol activated PXR-mediated transcription of CYP3A4 in a dose, time-dependent manner. In the dose-response study, kaempferol exposure at concentrations of 1.0 x 10(-3), 1.0 x 10(-2), 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mol/L for 24 h increased CYP3A4 transcription by (1.31+/-0.27), (1.45+/-0.36), (1.96+/-0.50), (2.90+/-1.07) and (7.93+/-0.75) fold, respectively compared with 0.1% DMSO (P<0.05). The results from time-course study showed that after 48 h exposure 1.0 and 10.0 mol/L of kaempferol enhanced the transcription of CYP3A4 by (3.73+/-1.21) fold and (8.42+/-1.47) fold, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Kaempferol may be a human CYP3A4 gene inducer through PXR, and may affect the metabolism of a large number of substrates of CYP3A4 simultaneously taken.</p>